Engine.



W. R. FASEY.

ENGINE.

v APPLICATION FILED OCT. 8. I915. 1 ,298,191 Patented Mar. 25, 1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET lw. R. FAS'EY.

ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 8.19'5- 1,298,191 Patented Mar. 20,1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2. 'C

F if '5 '0 IF Y W. R. FASEY.

ENGINE.

' APPLICATION FILED OCT. 8. I915- Patented Liar. 25.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3- UNITED STATES PATENT- OFFICE.

I WILLIAM ROBERT FASEY, 0F SNARESBB 'OOK, ENGLAND.

ENGINE.

To all whom it may concern:

- Be it known that I, WVILLIAM Roma n FASEY, a subject of the King of Great Britain, and a resident of Snaresbrook, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in and Connected with Engines, of which the following. is a specification..

This invention relates to improvements in and connected with engines, and has particular reference to internal combustion'enprovide an engine of this character which can be conveniently manufactured, which will be compact and light and efiicient in-its operations and whichwill be capable-of being effectively water cooled.

The invention consists broadly of a particularconstruction of engine having a cam driving mechanism consisting of a rib on both sides of which rollers carried by the pistons cooperate, this rib being so formed as to insure that the rollers will at all times maintain contact with it.

'Among the important features of the in- .vention may be mentioned the employment of annular inlet and outlet pipes commonv to and communicating with a plurality of cylinders arranged around the axis of the apparatus, the provision of a valve actuating cam centrally of each group of cylinders and operating the valves successively. According to the preferred construction these valves are sliding piston valves and the valve actuating cam is centrally mounted and its curvature is such as to insure the proper sequence of operations. Other details of importance consist of the particular construction of the cylinders and pistons designed for lightness and strength.

In the accompanying drawings I have illustrated the preferred embodiment of my invention wherein cylinders are arranged in directly opposite groups at both ends of the apparatus the pistons being arranged in directly opposed pairs adapted to operate in unison.

In these drawings Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of one cylinder and the associated parts.

2 is a section on line AA of Fig. 1.

Specification of Letters Patent.

to the line of reciprocation of Patented Mar. 25, 1919.

Application filed October 8, 1915. Serial No. 54,854.

Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the relation of the valve cams to the cam r1b.

Fig. 7 is an elevational view partly in section of 'the piston structure I prefer to em ploy with the rollers in place.

Fig. 8 is a section on line B-B of'Fig. 7 wish the roller and gudgeon pin removed an Fig. 9 is a section on line CC of Fig. 7.

Referring to these drawings the numeral 1 designates the cylinders which are arranged around the central shaft 2 in groups. The central shaft 2 carries a rotor 3 integral with or keyed to it and this rotor is provided with 'borings 4 to reduce its weight. In this example the cylinders remain stationary and the rotorr tates and this rotor has a peripheral rib or driving cam 5, which preferably takes the particular curvature shown in 5 for a purpose which will hereafter appear. W1th this rib the rollers 5 cooperate in a manner which will be understood by those conversant with this type of apparatus. Each group of cylinders is provided with an annular exhaust pipe 6 and an annular inlet pipe 7, connections 8 and 9 respectively leaving and entering the cylinders through the annular pipes, and this whirling can be utilized to produce pressure on the induction pipe and some degree of vacuum in the exhaust pipe which will greatly facilitate the induction of the combustible charge and exhaust of the product of combustion. The details of construction and arrangement will be best understood upon reference to Figs. 1 and 2. The numerals 10 and 11 designate disks which are bored or drilled and internally screw threaded, and the cylinders 1 are screwed into these disks and locked in position by nuts 12. Within the cylinders 1 hollow pistons 13 reciprocate and these pistons are provided with the usual packing rings 14. The iston rod 15 may consist of a tubular structure having flanges 16 at each end and these flanges are secured to the piston heads by means of rivets or other devices. The tubular structures 15 each connect a its ' 'ened at their central parts and out awa or are mounted to rotate upon hardened over j ment and lockin shaped to accommodate the rollers 5 w iulh u geon pins 18. Guides such as 17 are provided to maintain the tubular piston rod structures 15 in position-and to take up the stress. The piston may be made in one with the tubular structure. shown in Figs. 7, 8 and 9. In this case the whole piston structure is formed from hollow bars and is machined and drilled so as to provide space for the rollers 5 and more-,

gudgeon pins 18 are supported in the opennut device 42 provided to permit of adj netof the rollers 5 and the ins in position-as securing of the gudgeon he rollers 5 are will. hereafter appear.

, given conical form as shown and engage the cam rib 5 which is located between them.

and the differences are such that although the distance between the rollers remains constant these rollers are in contact with the 'r1b at all positions. That is to say, the line XX joining the center of the rollers and drawn through the straight part of the cam is exactly the same length as the line YY parallel to it and drawn through the sloping part of the cam and similarly all lines parallel to X--X 0r YY-through the rib will be'of equal length but at all these positions .the rollers will maintain their proper conufiderstood that exactly thesame consideratact. Although this feature of maintaining the rollers in contact is illustrated in connection with a cam rib for operating-with cylinders at one end only, itwill be readilytions areinvolved in the construction of a the rollers upon the rib. A convenient ar-- perfectly symmetrical cam rib oficurvature substantially as shown in Fig. 6. If desirable, means may be provided for adjusting 'rangement' is shown in Figs. 7, 8 and 9. By

slacking the bolt 42 which passes through theslotted part 41 of the structure the gudgeon' pins '18 can be adjusted'to carry the rollers 5. into correct adjustment and the tlghtenmg up of the bolt 42 will bind the .gudgeon pins 18 firmly in position .again.

The cylinders are closed by cast heads 19 and it may be here mentioned with this ex- .ceptlon the cylinders and other parts of the engme can be and preferably are made of steel. course providedat each end are formed to Such an arrangement is ideways or slides 38 are cut upon-- which the supporting ribs" 17 run. The

These cylinder heads which. are of the desired sequence of operation.

In Fig. 1 the valve is shown in the extreme exhaust position and it will be clear that when in its central position closing both the inlet and exhaust. ports the firing and compression will be effected, while its extreme position in the other direction will 7 correspond to the induction period of the cycle. The piston valves are made tight by lugs 40 and a slot 41 is cut and a bolt and means of ordinary split junk rings 22 and byarranging the split 23 in the position shown the pressure set up by combustion will tend to expand this ring andinsure a tight joint. The valves are water cooled, the coolin 'water circulating, for instance, from the exible pipes 25L through the rods 25, through the passages 26 into and through the hollow pistons which constitute the-valve and this circulation is clearly indicated by the arrows.

The cylinder structures can be provided with a water jacket 28 which surrounds them; and may be held in position by the bands 27 or electrically welded or otherwise secured. Sparking plugs 29 are provided for each cylinder and ho ed in the valvecasing. It will be understood from the foregoing that the valves are operated by the cam 21 positively in both directions and by reason of their construction will be practically noiseless in operation. The disks 10 and 11 can be strengthened by tubular struts and the central tubes 30 perform the double functions of supporting stays for these cylinder disks and the alsofform bearings for supporting the'sha t 2.

Each group of cylinders has associated i h it a magneto 31 and these are driven from the shaft 2 preferably by means: of chain wheels 32,and 33 and a chain 34. The same shaft 35 which drives the magnetos may also be utilized to drive the water circulation pump or pumps and also a pump 36 for purposes of forced lubrication, this .pump sucking up the oil-from a sump or. res- "ervoir and delivering ittothe various parts of the engine requiring tobe' lubricated. Thrust bearings 37 are provided for taking up the thrust of the rotor.

' The operation of the engine,vwhich will be d best understood upon reference to 'Figs. 5 and 6, is as followsz+ 1 Assuming one of the cylinders is about to fire the valve 20 associated with that cylinder will, by reason of the curvature of its valve cam, be in its mid position closing both the inlet and exhaust ports. The power stroke is efl'ected along the part of the cam rib between the lines F--E which correspend in the example illustrated to a movement of 80 of the rotor. When the power stroke has been accomplished the valve cam 21 will move the valve 20 to the extreme position on one side where the exhaust port is fully open and exhaust will now take place during the period of the travel of the rollers 5 relative to the part E--S of the cam rib. In the example illustrated this exhaust occurs over a period of 100 of the rotation of the rotor. Upon the conclusion of the ex haust function the valve 20 will be moved back again by the cam 21 to its extreme position in the direction opposite to that of exhaust, which position corresponds to the inlet being fully open. Induction of the charge takes place during the travel of the rollers 5 relative to the position SC of the cam rib which in the example illustrated corresponds to a period of 100 of the revolution of the rotor. Immediately after this induction period the valve 20 is closed by the cam 21 and compressionof the charge takes place during the period the rollers 5 are moving relative to the part C-F of the cam rib which corresponds to the remaining 80 of the rotation of the rotor. The firing position has been reached again and the valve 20 will remain in the closed position until the firing stroke is completed.

The foregoing cycle is, of course, in respect of one cylinder and it will be understood that all the cylinders perform the same function in proper sequence. The fore going cycle is the preferred arran ement when cylinders are located at one en only, the cam path shown in Fig. 5 being specially designed for this purpose. It will be re membered however that in the embodiment of my invention illustrated in Figs. 1-4 the piston of each cylinder at one end of the machine is coupled to the piston diametrically opposite it at the other end and therefore the two pistons must operate in unison.- To accomplish this I propose to employ the perfectly symmetrical curvature as illustrated in Fig. 6 which also shows the curvature of the valve controlling cams in relation to the cam path. With this symmetrical curvature it is preferable to provide for firing or power periods of about 70 of the rotation of the rotor, exhaust and induction periods of about 100 and this would leave a compression period of about 90 although, of course, the actual compression can only take place during the movement of the piston. With cylinders arranged at both ends the firing or power stroke of the cylinders on one side corresponds to the compression stroke of the cylinder opposite to it and the exhaust, induction and compression strokes of one cylinder correspond to firing, exhaust and induction respectively in the opposite cylinder. 7

It will be understood that the foregoing is given by way of example and may be varied in matters of detail without departing from the spirit and scope ofthe invention. In particular the cylinders may be the rotating part and the member carrying the cam rib the stationary part. although I prefer to employ the sliding piston valves hereinbefore described, puppet valves may of course be substituted.

It should also be mentioned that'although described as a four cycle engine the principles are equally well adapted to two cycle practice and tWo cycle-engines may be constructed in accordance with the invention.

Moreover,

What I claim and desire to secure by Letperiphery of said relatively rotatable member with which the rollers carried by the pistons cooperate, said rib being so shaped as to insure the maintenance of contact between the rollers and the cam rib at all positions of said rollers relative to said rib, and means for adjusting said rollers to said rib, substantially as specified.

2. An internal combustion engine comprising opposing groups of cylinders arranged in directly opposed positions, p stons in pairs, each pair operating in unlson in a pair of directly opposed cylinders, a split hollow tubular structure connecting each pair of pistons, openings in said tubular structure, gudgeon pins screwing i'nto sald openings, rollers rotatably mounted upon '105 said gudgeon pins, a bolt and nut bridging 

